Fsc chemistry book 2 ch 7 lectures of functional groups

Fsc chemistry book 2, ch 7 functional group 2nd year chemistry. Functional groups are groups of atoms found within molecules that are involved in the chemical reactions characteristic of those molecules. Sources of organic compounds cracking of petroleum reforming classifications of organic compounds functional group hybridization of orbitals and the shapes of molecules isomerism. You can tell its secondary from my writing n,n, which implies two substituents on the nitrogen. Functional groups are groups of atoms that behave in a predictable way. As a member, youll also get unlimited access to over 79,000 lessons in math, english, science, history, and more. Chemistry stack exchange is a question and answer site for scientists, academics, teachers, and students in the field of chemistry. Fsc chemistry book2, ch 7, lec 14 functional groups part 2 maktab. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. When studying reactions of a homologous series, the alkyl group is relatively unimportant it is the functional group that reacts. Luckily, specific groups of atoms are found on organic molecules, which give the molecules. We call an oxygen atom double bonded to a carbon atom a carbonyl functional group, and we can predict how it will react with electrophiles, nucleophiles, acids, bases, and. Lets start from the simplest class of organic compounds the hydrocarbons.

Taking biochem in fall, wtf have i gotten myself in to. Given a fischer projection of a monosaccharide, classify it by the number of carbons it contains. What are functional groups an introduction to functional. This subject is planned to tell students about fundamentals of bioscience. The chemistry of functional groups supplement a vol 1 1st edition by saul patai editor isbn. An example of a hydrophobic group is the nonpolar methane molecule.

Voiceover all the functional groups in this video contain a carbonoxygen double bond, and we call a carbonoxygen double bond a carbonyl. Mcqs from chapter carboxylic acids chemistry book 2 for fsc pre engineering and pre medical for board of intermediate and secondary education. There are so many functional groups in organic chemistry that its hard to keep track of them all. Carboxylic acids carbonyl and hydroxyl groups, esters carbonyl and ether linkage, acid halides or acyl halides carbonyl and halo. Functional group classification, chemistry tutorial. Chemistry 108 chapter 12 lecture notes carbohydrates 1 chapter 12 lecture notes. Introduction to organic molecules and functional groups. Identifying functional groups chemistry stack exchange. Oxidation states periodic trends in elements part 5 free. Electrical conductance periodic trends in elements part 6 free. Friedelcrafts acylation r o x alx3 al cl cl cl o x r al cl cl o r h o r 3. Here, x places for halogens f, cl, br and i, r stands for the alkyl group and ar stands for the aryl group.

From wikibooks, open books for an open world part 2. So here you can see a carbonoxygen double bond in this functional group, and heres another one in this functional group, and heres another one down here. Representations of compounds by these symbols are called structural formulas. Chapter 7 notes chemistry 2nd year fundamental principles of organic chemistry related posts pak studies chapter 7 urdu short questions sep 15, 2015 pak studies chapter 6 urdu short questions sep 15, 2015 chemical compounds were classified as organic and inorganic compounds based on their origin.

Spirocyclic compounds, polycyclic hydrocarbons, and heterocyclic compounds. Functional groups undergo the same chemical reactions no matter how large or small the molecule is. In this online yaruq ali khan discuss about 2nd year chemistry chapter 7 fundamental principles of organic chemistry topic 7. In organic chemistry, the most common functional groups are carbonyls co, alcohols oh, carboxylic acids co 2 h, esters co 2 r, and amines nh 2. Amide bonds are particularly important in biological molecules called proteins, which are composed of strings of amino acidsmolecules that have an amine group and a carboxylic acid group in them. This barcode number lets you verify that youre getting exactly the right version or edition of a book. Sal and jay cover topics covered in college organic chemistry course. At the onset of your study of organic chemistry, you should write.

Knowing the functional groups is a must in organic chemistry and in this post, we will go over their structure and interesting applications. Chapter 11 introduction to organic molecules and functional. Length of carbon backbone prefix tells length of carbon chain virtually any organic compound can be named based on rules developed from these criteria. Both, methoxy and chloro are given equal preference, since they are prefix functional groups.

Ch 3ch 2oh ethanol ch 3och 3 dimethylether b d a c b a d c b c a d not superimposable. Chapter che 105110 introduction to chemistry textbook. Organic chemistry lecture outline carbonylcontaining. Ch 3 ch 2 3ch 3 pentane ch 3ch ch 3 ch 2ch 3 2methylbutane c ch 3 4 2,2dimethylpropane functional group position positional isomers. An indispensible resource for the organic chemist, this is the most comprehensive reference available in functional group chemistry. The rules of naming in organic chemistry require that these two substances have different. Fsc chemistry book2, ch 3, lec 12 introduction to group. This material roughly covers a firstyear high school or college course, and a good understanding of algebra is helpful. Functional groups can pertain to any molecules, but you will usually hear about them in the context of organic chemistry. Inter part 2 chemistry chapter 7 fundamental principles of organic. Other functional groups introductory chemistry 1st.

From wikibooks, open books for an open world chemistry i by dr maliki muniratu. The amine group on one amino acid reacts with the carboxylic acid group of another amino acid. Alkenes are distinguished by having a carboncarbon double bond denoted by two lines between the two carbons which look like an equals sign. What functional groups are present in the following structure. Free chemistry books download free chemistry ebooks online. We call an oxygen atom double bonded to a carbon atom a carbonyl functional group, and we can predict how it will react with electrophiles, nucleophiles, acids, bases, and many other compounds. Table lists a number of significant functional groups. Chemistry 11 functional groups notes so far we have investigated hydrocarbon alkanes and have found that this particular group has limited uses and properties. These are sets of atoms or bonds which give a special chemical function. Find more elearning material and educational video lectures in urdu at. Fsc part 2 chemistry online testchapter 7 fundamental principles. Gases, liquids and solids, gas laws, general gas equations.

Given a fischer projection of a monosaccharide, identify it as a dsugar or lsugar. Plus, get practice tests, quizzes, and personalized coaching to help you succeed. Organic chemistryintroduction to functional groups. In general, alkanes have only carbonscarbon single bonds and carbonhydrogen single bonds. Jul 11, 20 these are groups containing chains of carbon atoms which may be branched. I put a lot of work into this to help you study, so please dont keep it to yourself.

Given a fischer projection of a monosaccharide, classify it as either aldoses or ketoses. Functional groups are usually classified as hydrophobic or hydrophilic depending on their charge or polarity. Name molecular formula structural formula isomers methane ch4 ch4 1 ethane c2h6 ch3ch3 1 propane c3h8 ch3ch2ch3 1 butane c4h10 ch3ch2ch2ch3 2. Alkanes containing single bond, alkenes double bond, alkynes triple bond, alkyl halides or haloalkanes halo group, alcohols hydroxyl group, amines and imines amino. Ch2 oh ch cl o c ch3 ch3 c o ch3 n o h h3c ch3 o sh c ch f o o ch3 practicesolutions ch2 oh ch cl o c ch3 ch3 c o ch3 n o h h3c. Introduction to organic nomenclature and functional gruops. Functional group of organic compounds linkedin slideshare. It includes the catenation of carbon, bond nature of compounds, similarity in behavior, complexity of nature, the phenomenon of isomerism, rates of organic reactions and the solubility of. Sep, 2018 chapter 7 notes chemistry 2nd year fundamental principles of organic chemistry related posts pak studies chapter 7 urdu short questions sep 15, 2015 pak studies chapter 6 urdu short questions sep 15, 2015 chemical compounds were classified as organic and inorganic compounds based on their origin.

A functional group is an atom or a group of atoms that are responsible for the physical and chemical properties of the molecule. The symbol r and r refer to an attached hydrogen or hydrocarbon side chain or sometimes to any group of atoms. If you are a student of fsc premedical, then you must have to study this subject as this is the only one which distinguishes you from preengineering group. Alkanes, cycloalkanes, and functional groups naming alkanes. These notes are very helpful to prepare chemistry paper of fsc part 2 for federal board, multan board, faisalabad board, sargodha board, gujranwala board, dg khan board, rawalpindi board or any other board of punjab, pakistan. Jan 11, 2015 chemistry fsc part 1 all chapter mcqs 1. In organic chemistry, a functional group is a set of atoms within molecules that function together to react in predictable ways. Organic chemistry lecture outline carbonylcontaining functional groups ketones 1. C o r n an amide practice circle and label all the functional groups in the molecules below. Functional groups no way you need to know all these for gamsat. Chapter 7 fundamental principles of organic chemistry past papers short questions solved of bahawalpur board,dg khan board,faisalabad board,gujranwala board,lahore board,multan board,rawalpindi board,sahiwal board,sargodha board 20,2012,2011,2010,2009,2008 and so on.

Chemistry chapter 2 introduction to organic nomenclature and functional groups 2. The answer given in the book is 2chloro1methoxyethane, but why is it not 1chloro2methoxyethane, as the c of chlorine comes before m in the alphabetical order. These are sets of atoms or bonds which give a special chemical function to an organic compound. The compounds that are listed in the 1 st category in table are the compounds that contain only carbon and. However, there are more complicated molecules involving these functional groups. Oxidation of alcohols oh pcc jones reagent o o na2cr2o7 o 2. Also for entry test preparation for uet, nust, pieas, giki, air, fast, wah university, uhs, other engineering universities and medical colleges. This video lecture from fundamental principles of organic chemistry f. Functional groups in organic chemistry chemistry steps. It includes the catenation of carbon, bond nature of compounds, similarity in behavior, complexity of nature, the phenomenon of isomerism, rates of organic reactions and the. The chemistry of triplebonded functional groups, supplement. Get 2nd year, fsc part 2 chemistry video lectures online free for pakistani students. Fsc part 2 chemistry online testchapter 7 fundamental. Classifications of organic compounds functional group hybridization of orbitals and the.

Founded in 1964 by the late professor saul patai, the aim of patais chemistry of functional groups is to cover all the aspects of the chemistry of an important functional group in each volume, with the emphasis. Among the hydrophilic functional groups is the carboxyl group found in amino acids, some amino acid side chains, and the fatty acid heads that form triglycerides and. Some features of organic compounds fsc chemistry book 2. Organic compounds are obtained from living things whereas.

Jan 07, 2015 find more elearning material and educational video lectures in urdu at maktab. Memorization tips and tricks organic chemistry socratic. Fsc chemistry book 2, ch 7 functional group 2nd year. Periodic classification of elements and periodicity of chemistry xii for fsc part 2 published by punjab textbook board, lahore. Online video lecture for 12th class chemistry chapter 7 fundamental principles of. What are functional groups chegg tutors online tutoring. It is important to be able to recognize the functional groups and the physical and chemical properties that they afford compounds. Covalent bonds link the atoms within functional groups and connect them to the rest of the molecule. The most complete resource in functional group chemistry patais chemistry of functional groups is one of chemistrys landmark book series in organic chemistry. Reduction of alkanes reactions involving carboxyl group part 1. Inter part 2 fsc part 2 online biology lectures inter part 2.

Thats why ive created this quick functional group cheat sheet to remind you of the group nameappearance. Chapter 11 introduction to organic molecules and functional groups solutions to in chapter problems 11. Fsc chemistry book2, ch 3, lec 12 introduction to group iva. With so many isomers possible, it is important that each has an individual name.

Fsc chemistry book2, ch 7, lec functional groups part 1. Chemistry is considered as one of the most important subjects to study for the aspirants of science group. If youre seeing this message, it means were having trouble loading external resources on our website. The bond between the n of the amine group and the c of the carbonyl group is called an amide bond. If all organic molecules were alkanes, then organic chemistry would be useless and boring. Functional groups line structures also can be modified to represent the threedimensional shapes of molecules, and the way that this is done will be discussed in detail in chapter 5. Atomic theory and nature of atoms, introduction to the periodic table. Oh ch 3 ch 2 2oh 1propanol oh ch 3choh ch 3 2propanol functional group type functional isomers.